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News in brief, October 22, 2007

Queensland outlines proposed offsets policy and offsets exchange; Rudd releases YouTube climate ad; ’Solar assist’ the most promising high temperature solar thermal option; Sugar mill fined over effluent breaches

Queensland outlines proposed offsets policy and offsets exchange

Projects undergoing some forms of state-level assessment would need to provide environmental offsets to deal with residual impacts that can’t be avoided or minimised, says a Queensland Government discussion paper on a proposed state offsets policy and associated offsets exchange. The policy proposes:

  • considering offsets only after efforts have been made to avoid and minimise environmental impacts;
  • not permitting offsets to be used in an attempt to obtain approval for developments in areas where they could not otherwise occur (e.g. a tourism development in a national park);
  • requiring that offsets achieve an equivalent or better environmental outcome;
  • requiring offsets to provide environmental values as similar as possible to those being lost;
  • requiring offsets to minimise the time lag between the impact and the offset; and
  • requiring that offsets provide additional protection to values at risk or additional management actions to improve environmental values.

The policy would distinguish between primary offsets that protect environmental values of the same sort as those that will be affected and secondary offsets that provide other environmental benefits.

“Primary offsets are the preferred type of offsets,” the paper says.

An associated Green Invest Offsets Exchange Facility being developed by the Department of Natural Resources and Water would “facilitate the efficient and effective identification, evaluation, registration and ongoing administration of offset agreements to meet anticipated offset demand,” the paper says.

“Green Invest will facilitate the exchange of environmental offsets under a market-like situation.”

“Initially Green Invest will focus on the facilitation of vegetation and koala habitat offsets exchanges. However, the facility could also support offsets policies such as for water quality and carbon sequestration when such policies become more firmly established,” the paper says.

The paper says the offsets policy would not initially deal with offsets for greenhouse gas emissions, “as rules for offsets for greenhouse-gas emissions will be closely linked to any future carbon trading scheme”.

“Foreshadowing the emergence of a carbon offsets program for Queensland or Australia, the draft policy may be revised to allow for carbon offsets. This will be considered when more detail is available on what constitutes an acceptable offset under a carbon or emissions trading system. Any revisions would be consistent with the rules of the draft policy.”

Queensland already has specific offsets policies on marine fish habitat, vegetation management and koala habitat. These and other specific-issue offset policies yet to be developed would operate under the state-wide generic environmental offsets policy, the paper says.

Public comment closes November 30.

Environmental Offsets: Discussion Paper for Comment(Queensland Government, October 2007)

Rudd releases climate ad on YouTube

An ALP YouTube ad released today features Opposition Leader Kevin Rudd contrasting Labor’s position on climate change with the Coalition.

“For our long-term future, there is no more important difference between Mr Howard and myself than climate change,” the ad says.

’Solar assist’ the most promising high temperature solar thermal option

‘Solar assist’ high temperature solar thermal systems that provide steam to coal or gas-fired power stations are the HTST technology most likely to be competitive in Australia, says a joint NSW and Victorian discussion paper.

The paper was triggered by last year’s Council of Australian Governments (COAG) request for the development of four technology roadmaps. The NSW and Victorian governments were charged with leading development of the HTST roadmap discussion paper.

HTST systems concentrate solar radiation and convert it to high temperature steam or gas that can drive a turbine or engine (for electricity generation) or be used directly for industrial process heat.

They comprise four main elements: a concentrator, a receiver, some form of heat transport medium or storage and (for electricity generation) a power conversion unit.

“HTST technologies are unlikely to be competitive with alternative generation options in the near term except in remote northern locations with major loads,” the paper says. “Solar-assist (i.e. HTST systems providing steam to an existing coal or gas-fired plant) does promise to be competitive in other locations,” economic modelling conducted for the paper found. But improving the competitiveness of this and other HTST technologies will require a faster rate of technology development and deployment so that capital costs “decrease substantially”. It will also require a carbon price of at least $30/t CO2e, the modelling indicated.

Major HTST technologies include parabolic troughs, linear fresnel reflectors (LFRs), power towers and parabolic dishes.

“An early and leading exponent of LFR technology is the Australian company Solar Heat and Power Pty Ltd (SHP) founded by Dr David Mills, Professor Graham Morrison and Peter le Lievre,” the paper says. “It has demonstrated a proof-of-concept LFR array next to Macquarie Generation’s Liddell Power Station in NSW.”

“SHP’s multi-megawatt demonstration plant at Liddell continues to be expanded with $3.25 million support from the Commonwealth Government’s Renewable Energy Development Initiative (REDI) program,” it notes. “However, market forces have resulted in SHP’s founders moving the company’s commercial headquarters to the USA into a new company. Located in Palo Alto, California, Ausra Inc. is a privately held company with more than US$40M secured in investment by Khosla Ventures and Kleiner, Perkins, Caufield & Byers. Ausra is planning to build and operate utility-scale HTST power plants worldwide.”

The paper focuses on the use of HTST technologies for electricity generation and industrial process steam and does not consider solar water heaters or heating and cooling systems for industrial processes below 200°C.

Public comment closes November 20.

Discussion Paper: High Temperature Solar Thermal (HTST) Technologies, Market Potential And Innovation Opportunities (NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change and Victorian Department of Primary Industries, October 2007)

Sugar mill fined over effluent breaches

Cairns Magistrate Court has ordered Mossman Central Mill Company to install a $100,000 real-time effluent monitoring and automatic shutoff system after it pleaded guilty to environmental offences. The company pleaded guilty to one charge of causing material environmental harm and two charges of contravening a licence condition after discharging effluent containing excessive levels of sugar carbohydrate. The discharges between November 8 and 15, 2005, caused a reduction in dissolved oxygen in the South Mossman and Mossman rivers for a day, leading to a fish kill. The company, which pleaded guilty, must install the new system before the next crushing season.

An electronic copy of the decision isn't yet available.

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